Deep varicose veins are a very unpleasant and very dangerous lesion of the venous vessels of the circulatory system.
Deep vein varicose veins of the lower extremities, a pathology that spreads to the veins passing through the muscular structures of the legs. Elongation and dilation of venous vessels significantly impairs blood flow and leads to the onset and development of thrombosis.
The danger of this disease is related to the possibility of rupture of a thrombus in the vessel wall and the possibility of its transport to the pulmonary artery.
When this disease occurs, an irreversible process takes place to lengthen and dilate the venous vessels. As the process progresses, the venous wall becomes thinner and nodules form that prevent blood from flowing freely through the arteries.
Often people aged 30-40 and older are susceptible to this disease.
The reasons for the appearance and development of the disease can be a variety of negative factors. Varicose veins are the result of a serious circulatory disorder in a specific area of the lower extremities.
As the disease progresses, the patient may develop trophic ulcers where blood circulation is disrupted, which can lead to gangrene - a condition that requires amputation of the affected part of the joint.
In addition, VRV can cause deformity of the muscles of the lower extremities, and subsequent thrombus formation and transplantation into the pulmonary artery can be fatal.
The main factors that lead to the emergence and development of the disorder are:
In addition, the causes of the disease may be:
In addition, cellulite can lead to the development of pathology.
Timely detection of the disease allows a qualified phlebologist to visit at the first suspicion of the disease.
Often, in the early stages of development, the disease manifests itself with a slight feeling of fatigue in the legs after a long static load or a long walk. In addition, during this period, a small swelling occurs in the tissues of the extremities.
The most common symptoms of the disorder appear during the day and gradually disappear with a long rest. When these symptoms occur, it is necessary to consult a phlebologist and conduct special studies to determine and clarify the presence of a pathology.
The use of laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods allows to determine the degree of development of the disease and decide on the use of a timely and adequate course of treatment. As the disease progresses, it progresses to more advanced stages, characterized by the appearance of a number of symptoms and signs characteristic of a progressive disease.
The following symptoms are typical for advanced stages of pathology:
Further progression of the disease leads to the formation of small wounds that do not heal for a long time and then turn into trophic ulcers.
In the absence of adequate and timely treatment, the development of the disease can be fatal for the patient. Progression of varicose veins leads to gradual deformation of muscle structures and adverse changes in skin and bone mass.
During long-term development, the patient develops symptoms of eczema and trophic ulcers that can turn into gangrene. Which causes sepsis or death.
The process of thrombus formation develops in venous vessels affected by varicose veins. The thrombus formed as a result of this process can be ruptured and transported through the circulatory system.
When a blood clot enters a pulmonary artery, it becomes blocked and the person dies.
An experienced phlebologist can determine the presence of varicose veins of the lower extremities with characteristic symptoms that are also visible in the form of legs, but the treatment of the disease is selected individually after a thorough examination of the patient and all individual characteristics.
Laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods are used to determine the presence and stage of development of the disease. Laboratory methods include general blood and urine tests.
The most common method of instrumental diagnosis is the use of ultrasound examination of the venous vessels of the legs. This technique allows you to visualize the vascular system and determine the degree of development of the pathological process.
In addition, if necessary, the attending physician prescribes the following:
The use of venous occlusive plethysmography allows to detect the volume of blood in the vessels of the lower extremities.
Only after a thorough examination and results are obtained, an appropriate course of treatment is prescribed to the patient.
Modern medicine offers several options for the treatment of the disease - drug, non-drug and surgical.
In parallel, you can use non-traditional and alternative methods of treatment at home after consulting the attending physician.
Surgery is the safest way to treat the disease. The use of drug treatment in the form of tablets, special ointments and gels for external use can play a complementary role and is in fact a supportive therapy.
The use of drug therapy includes the use of various drugs during treatment - anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, venotonic and fibrinolytic actions
Anticoagulants thin the blood and prevent blood clots. Anti-inflammatory drugs help to eliminate inflammatory processes in the walls of venous vessels. Venotonics increase the tone of the walls of blood vessels, and fibrinolytics help to dissolve small clots and clean the venous bed.
Due to the use of drugs, the appearance of a disease, such as edema, disappears, in addition, there is an improvement in the condition of the superficial skin. The main condition for the use of the drug is to strictly follow the doctor's recommendations and the dosage of the drug.
Surgery is recommended for complete treatment of varicose veins.
In addition, surgical methods are used in the absence of positive dynamics during drug treatment.
The most common methods of surgical treatment of pathology are:
Sclerotherapy involves the use of special substances during the procedure - sclerosants that are injected into the lumen of the affected vessel and cause adhesions to the vessel walls. This procedure allows the venous vessel to be removed from the circulatory system, which prevents the development of pathology. This technique is rarely used in case of a severe violation.
Phlebectomy is the removal of the affected part of a venous vessel. This method is often used to identify lesions of superficial vessels, but in some cases it is used in the treatment of deep venous vessels of the extremities.
Laser coagulation is a type of minimally invasive surgical procedure performed with a laser, which allows the affected part of the vessel to be removed from the circulatory system by gluing the walls of the vessel under the influence of laser radiation. This method of treatment received the most positive feedback from patients because it is practically painless and does not require a long recovery period.
The use of surgical treatment allows you to completely get rid of the symptoms of varicose veins. The choice of surgical technique depends on the degree of development of the pathology, the individual characteristics of the patient and is carried out by the attending physician.